水下制氢反应室动态过程数值分析

为研究水下制氢反应室的动态过程规律,基于化学反应动力学和单液滴运动学得到合金/水反应转化率,并在最小自由能法计算得到生成物各组分摩尔数的基础上利用质量守恒方程得到室内各物质质量变化规律。在建立非线性移动边界螺旋管动态模型的前提下,利用能量守恒方程得到室内热力参数变化规律,进而完成制氢反应室动态过程详尽模型的建立。利用该模型编写计算程序,完成某水下制氢反应室动态过程仿真。结果表明,各仿真曲线较好地反映了对应参数的动态变化规律,验证了模型建立与仿真的正确性;合金/水反应转化率决定了反应室的物质质量变化规律及其能量释放特性。该模型可以作为制氢反应室动态特性分析及其过程控制研究的基础模型。     

改进Costas环的GPS载波跟踪环路

针对高动态环境下载波信号会产生较大多普勒频移而导致跟踪环路失锁的问题,对其基带信号进行双向限幅以改进Costas环的鉴相特性。同时,采用叉积型鉴频器,通过频率牵引使捕获后的频差达到跟踪模块的工作范围,并根据对锁相环和锁频环的特性分析及其各自的优缺点,选择锁频环辅助锁相环的复合结构。仿真试验结果表明,在高动态环境下(运动速度1 200 m/s)该跟踪环可以快速跟踪卫星信号,即时误差趋近于0,且当加速度达到40 g以上时,经过该复合环跟踪后的多普勒频移比传统锁相环减小了50%以上。     

水下爆炸载荷作用下夹芯圆柱壳的动态响应

采用有限元数值模拟方法,对夹芯圆柱壳在水下爆炸载荷作用下的动态响应进行了分析.在夹芯防护层质量给定的情况下,通过对不同夹芯层相对密度下内部圆柱壳体获得的最大加速度进行比较,得出了最优的夹芯层相对密度.同时,还对内部圆柱壳体的等效应力和夹芯层的变形进行了分析.研究结果表明:夹芯防护层对爆炸冲击波有较好的衰减作用,且对里面的圆柱壳体起到了较好的保护作用,具有优异的抗冲击防护特性.     

水下航行体惯性类水动力系数的计算方法

为了系统地计算水下航行体全套惯性类水动力系数,提高计算效率和计算精度,通过基于无粘模型的计算方法对水下航行体的运动进行了预报;通过UDF及动网格技术,对匀速运动和匀加速运动的SUBOFF模型进行了分析.设计了单方向速度线性变化的匀加速直线运动和匀加速回转运动,并通过换算和数值拟合处理得到了潜艇所受的惯性力和惯性类水动力系数.该系数与试验误差保证在6％之内,验证了所提方法的可行性及准确性.     

The impact of operational decisions on the design of salesforce incentives

When facing high levels of overstock inventories, firms often push their salesforce to work harder than usual to attract more demand, and one way to achieve that is to offer attractive incentives. However, most research on the optimal design of salesforce incentives ignores this dependency and assumes that operational decisions of production/inventory management are separable from design of salesforce incentives. We investigate this dependency in the problem of joint salesforce incentive design and inventory/production control. We develop a dynamic Principal‐Agent model with both Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection in which the principal is strategic and risk‐neutral but the agent is myopic and risk‐averse. We find the optimal joint incentive design and inventory control strategy, and demonstrate the impact of operational decisions on the design of a compensation package. The optimal strategy is characterized by a menu of inventory‐dependent salesforce compensation contracts. We show that the optimal compensation package depends highly on the operational decisions; when inventory levels are high, (a) the firm offers a more attractive contract and (b) the contract is effective in inducing the salesforce to work harder than usual. In contrast, when inventory levels are low, the firm can offer a less attractive compensation package, but still expect the salesforce to work hard enough. In addition, we show that although the inventory/production management and the design of salesforce compensation package are highly correlated, information acquisition through contract design allows the firm to implement traditional inventory control policies: a market‐based state‐dependent policy (with a constant base‐stock level when the inventory is low) that makes use of the extracted market condition from the agent is optimal. This work appears to be the first article on operations that addresses the important interplay between inventory/production control and salesforce compensation decisions in a dynamic setting. Our findings shed light on the effective integration of these two significant aspects for the successful operation of a firm. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 320–340, 2014     

基于数据站场的系统效能评估决策支持方法

随着信息技术的发展,系统信息量的提升给军事系统效能评估带来了新的问题。针对系统效能分析数据非线性、高维数、强耦合的特点,提出了一种基于数据站场技术的效能评估决策支持方法。通过数据恢复、约减、求精与重构操作,对评估数据进行了处理,并搭建了数据站场立方体,降低了数据间的依赖性,满足了不同层面系统分析的需求。以面向任务的网络化火控系统的为例,进行了系统效能评估、时效性评估和指标分析,从三个层次验证了方法的有效性与可行性。将数据挖掘技术应用到仿真系统效能评估决策中,获得了更广泛的应用。     

考虑弹体动态特性的机动效率约束导引律

针对考虑交会角和过载约束导引律在大机动时能量损失大的问题,提出一种考虑导弹机动效率的多约束制导律。应用最优二次型原理推导出考虑一阶弹体延迟的时变导引系数闭环次优制导形式,将导弹机动时刻阻力系数引入时变权系数,并通过迭代确定机动效率约束边界。将时变约束表示成剩余时间与弹体延迟时间的函数,代入制导指令,进行弹道仿真。结果表明,对于常值与机动目标,文中制导律与过载约束导引律同只考虑交会角约束的导引律相比,对目标均能实现末端弹道成型要求,而考虑机动效率的制导指令分配更为合理,在避免指令加速度饱和的同时有效降低了拦截末端速度损耗,提高制导精度与毁伤效果。且该制导律中时变权系数无须配平求解,在保证精度的同时极大地提高了迭代速度。     

Index policies for the routing of background jobs

Arriving (generic) jobs may be processed at one of several service stations, but only when no other (dedicated) jobs are waiting there. We consider the problem of how to route these incoming background jobs to make best use of the spare service capacity available at the stations. We develop an approximative approach to Whittle's proposal for restless bandits to obtain an index policy for routing. The indices concerned are increasing and nonlinear in the station workload. A numerical study testifies to the strong performance of the index policies developed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

Dynamic inventory and pricing models for competing retailers

We address infinite‐horizon models for oligopolies with competing retailers under demand uncertainty. We characterize the equilibrium behavior which arises under simple wholesale pricing schemes. More specifically, we consider a periodic review, infinite‐horizon model for a two‐echelon system with a single supplier servicing a network of competing retailers. In every period, each retailer faces a random demand volume, the distribution of which depends on his own retail price as well as those charged by possibly all competing retailers. We also derive various comparative statics results regarding the impact several exogenous system parameters (e.g., cost or distributional parameters) have on the equilibrium decisions of the retailers as well as their expected profits. We show that certain monotonicity properties, engrained in folklore as well as in known inventory models for centralized systems, may break down in decentralized chains under retailer competition. Our results can be used to optimize the aggregate profits in the supply chain (i.e., those of the supplier and all retailers) by implementing a specific wholesale pricing scheme. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

灾害应急反应建模与仿真

为了满足多智能体应急反应仿真的需求,首先对构建多智能体应急反应仿真模拟框架的复杂性进行了分析,在此基础上提出并设计了组件式仿真模拟框架.采用本体(Ontology)建模、语义网模型及产生式规则推理等理论方法构建了仿真模拟框架的场景建模模块、人员Agent建模模块等组件.最后对依照上述研究内容所开发的原型系统进行了测试,对测试结果进行了分析,结果表明该框架能够有效满足多智能体应急反应仿真的建模需求.